Crímenes de cuello blanco y otros

The World's Most Wanted White-Collar Fugitives
at Forbes by Nathan Vardi and Asher Hawkins, 08.27.08
In Pictures: The World's 10 Most Wanted White-Collar Fugitives
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White-Collar Fugitives
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Crooks with Deep Pockets
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How Upscale Criminals Elude the Law

Berger's case is one example of how difficult it can be for authorities to track down white-collar fugitives. They have advantages that more typical criminals lack, including ties to foreign countries, advanced degrees, and barrels of money that can help secure safe havens. Berger, now 35, was born in London and grew up in Salzburg, Austria. He managed hundreds of millions of dollars out of Park Avenue offices in New York before authorities charged him with misleading investors about his stockpicking prowess. Even as he reported stellar returns to his backers, Berger was hemorrhaging more than $400 million by betting against Internet stocks in the late 1990s. Using his connections and his persuasiveness, Berger was able to avoid legal authorities for years.
Berger is the second high-profile white-collar criminal to be captured in less than a year. Jacob "Kobi" Alexander, the former chief executive of onetime high-flier Comverse Technology (CMVT), was arrested last fall in Namibia. He fled the U.S. after being charged with backdating stock options at Comverse.
Even now it is unclear whether either white-collar fugitive will ever face justice in the U.S. American law-enforcement officials have requested Berger's extradition, but Austria may not comply. Frank Rabino, a criminal defense lawyer who specializes in international issues, says Berger may not be extradited if the crime to which he pleaded guilty is not punishable in Austria or if he is found to be an Austrian citizen (a point that is currently in dispute). Berger also could be prosecuted by Austrian authorities because several of the investors who lost money in his firm are based in that country.
Alexander has successfully pushed back hearings on whether he should be extradited to the U.S., even as his ties to officials in Namibia have come under scrutiny. Alexander has pledged to invest more than $14 million in Namibia, including money for a scholarship fund and a solar housing project.
"Generally [white collar-criminals] are more sophisticated," says Stephen Frye, a Los Angeles-based defense lawyer whose practice specializes in white-collar crime. "If they know what they've been doing is illegal, then, more commonly than your lower-level person, they will have a means and [will] have planned to live abroad."
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Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined by Edwin Sutherland as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation" (1939). Sutherland was a proponent of Symbolic Interactionism, and believed that criminal behavior was learned from interpersonal interaction with others. White-collar crime, therefore, overlaps with corporate crime because the opportunity for fraud, bribery, insider trading, embezzlement, computer crime, copyright infringement, money laundering, identity theft, and forgery are more available to white-collar employees.

Contents

• 1 Historical background
• 2 Definitional issues
• 3 Relationship to other types of crime
  Blue-collar crime
  The types of crime committed are a function of what is available to the potential offender. Thus, those employed in relatively unskilled environments and living in inner-city areas have fewer "situations" to exploit (see Clarke: 1997) than those who work in "situations" where large financial transactions occur and live in areas where there is relative prosperity. Blue-collar crime tends to be more obvious and thus attracts more active police attention (e.g. for crimes such as vandalism or shoplifting, where physical property is involved). In contrast, white-collar employees can incorporate legitimate and criminal behavior, thus making themselves less obvious when committing the crime. Therefore, blue-collar crime will more often use physical force, whereas in the corporate world, the identification of a victim is less obvious and the issue of reporting is complicated by a culture of commercial confidentiality to protect shareholder value. It is estimated that a great deal of white-collar crime is undetected or, if detected, it is not reported.

  Corporate crime 
  Corporate crime deals with the company as a whole. The crime benefitting the investors or the individuals who are in high positions in the company or corporation. The relationship white-collar crime has with corporate crime is that they are similar because they both are involved within the business world. Their difference is that white-collar crime benefits the individual involved, and corporate crime benefits the company or the corporation.
  State-corporate crime

  The negotiation of agreements between a state and a corporation will be at a relatively senior level on both sides, this is almost exclusively a white-collar "situation" which offers the opportunity for crime. White-collar crime has become a priority of law enforcement,^[2] however evidence shows that it continues to be a low priority.^[3]
  When senior levels of a corporation engage in criminal activity using the company this is sometimes called control fraud.

  Public a victim of white collar crime

  Common misconception about corporate crime and white collar time is that its effects are mainly financial. However, they can cause harm to the general public, workers and consumers. For example false claims made by pharmaceutical companies about their products or the dumping of toxic wastes. Another good example includes the Hooker Chemical Company dumping toxic waste into the abandoned Love Canal in Niagara Falls and later selling the land after knowing of the problem but choosing not to warn health officials. It was later sold to a private housing developer in the 1950’s and in the 1970’s the families starting experiencing major health problems such as miscarriages and birth defects (O'Grady, 2011)^{[broken citation]}.

  How workers/employees of a company can be victims of white collar crime

  Some ways that employees of a company can become victims of white-collar crime can be that workers are being exposed to the harms and risks of being involved in a crime. Even if the workers are unaware of the crimes his or her corporation is committing, this poses a threat to their job security. Essentially, if a company is charged with a white-collar crime, such a fraud or embezzlement, and loses copious amounts of money forcing the company to declare bankruptcy, the employees are at risk of losing their jobs. Another harm making employees victims of white-collar crime can be when employers are aware of a physical harm that can affect their employees. An example of this danger can be depicted with miners in Newfoundland who were exposed to Radon gas, which the company (and the Canadian government) were aware was a danger to people’s health, yet there was nothing done to protect the employees (O'Grady, 2011)^{[broken citation]}.

  Occupational Crime

  Individuals who commit crime during the course of their employment roles. The two most common forms are theft and fraud. Examples of occupational thefts are removal by employees of job-related items from the workplace. There are obviously varying degrees of theft ex. from a pencil to furnishings to a car. Most employees do steal and the expense is high. An example of fraud is insider trading. This occurs when an employee uses information not available to the public to gain personal advantage over others in the buying and selling of stock (O'Grady, 2011)^{[broken citation]}.
• 4 See also
• 5 Further reading and references
• 6 References

Joseph, el enviado de dios

Joseph Kony, el guerrillero más sangriento del mundo

"Y quién mierda es ese tal guevara delasarna?en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kony


U.S. action against Kony
In May 2010, U.S. President Barack Obama signed into law the Lord's Resistance Army Disarmament and Northern Uganda Recovery Act,^[17] legislation aimed at stopping Kony and the LRA. The bill passed unanimously in the Senate on March 11, 2010 with 65 senators as cosponsors, then passed unanimously in the House of Representatives on May 13, 2010 with 202 representatives as cosponsors.
In November 2010, Obama delivered a strategy document to Congress, asking for more money to disarm Kony and the LRA.^[18]
In October 2011, Obama authorized the deployment of approximately 100 combat-equipped U.S. troops to central Africa.^[19] They will help regional forces “remove from the battlefield” Joseph Kony and senior LRA leaders. "Although the U.S. forces are combat-equipped, they will only be providing information, advice, and assistance to partner nation forces, and they will not themselves engage LRA forces unless necessary for self-defense," Obama said in a letter to Congress.^[19]

El cielo sobre Berlin

Berlin's Destruction
...
...
Before he pressed the shutter release, my father composed the photos in his mind. To position the Leica or Rolleiflex at the right angle, they circled several times around a site. For him the most important thing about these shots was the shadows. Without shadows, my father told me, aerial photographs look lifeless. Once he called off a flight because clouds suddenly blocked out the sun. He was incredibly picky when the light and shadow weren't right.

His always paid great attention to detail. In his studio, he would sometimes spend hours rearranging the lights until the effect was right for his Linhoff plate camera. He was a perfectionist. But his book of aerial photographs was never published. My father worked tirelessly, preferably at night when he had his best ideas. To keep himself awake, he had developed a taste for so-called "pilot's chocolate" during the war. It contained the stimulant Pervitin and was created to keep bomber pilots awake on their long flights to England. Friends and acquaintances returning from their flights brought him some back. In the end he became addicted to it.
His addiction affected both his work and private life. My parent's marriage ended at the end of 1944 when my father divorced my mother to marry a co-worker, who he soon also left. When he married my mother a second time, he promised it wouldn't happen again, but his promise didn't last. In 1946 he divorced my mother, who then moved with my sister and me to West Germany. He went to a clinic several times for withdrawal treatment, but he never overcame his addiction. He died in 1967.
The aerial photos taken by Adolph Carl Byers and Hein Gorny were published 65 years after they were taken, through the Berlin-based Collection Regard. The photos, which his son Peter Gorny had thought were lost, were included in the exhibition "Hommage à Berlin," devised by collector Marc Barbey in 2011. The book of the exhibition has been published in German, French and English. Information on odering the book can be found here.
This story originally appeared in German on SPIEGEL ONLINE's history portal, einestages.de

Mantenidas casuales gustan de sponsoring

[Ofrezco sexo por un smart phone]
En oferta: "Servicios sexuales por retribución material"
Lo que pasa por tener padres yescas...
El viejo intercambio de sexo por algo entre hombres y mujeres, entre todas sus formas y facetas, tuvo un pasado mal documentado, tiene sus vivencias cada uno (y una) y tendrá un futuro también documentado a medias, pese a tanto avance tecnológico, pues qué nena documenta sus ganancias a punta de gozo?
Prostitución? Na na!
Eso no hacen ni las polacas ni las chinas ni las japonesas ni las francesas ni las alemanas ni las que sean bajo el comunixxxmo, capitalixxxmo, soxxxialixxxmo, peor las cambalandesas de esta plurinación...
es tan sólo amistad retribuida para un amigo con capacidad de pago!
Si el matrimonio se basa para muchas en eso:
mantenimiento de por vida con gozo a cuero limpio!
Cuando no cumplen los requisitos... pues para eso existe el divorcio!He conocido en las redes soxxxiales como una media docena de amiguitas que necesitaban un celular fino o accesorios y bueno... el problema de andar yesca.
Quelle

Amor con futuro

Fuente
facebook.com/chadildeffy

Wow! -Un PC para 30 estudiantes

Estos son los frutos de tan linda revolución!
Pobres idiotas aquellos pseudo-intelectuales pro-castrismo!
Como los peores de ellos tienen a sus hijos gozando del capitalismo salvaje...
The Digital Divide Between the Education Systems of Cuba and Latin America
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Average number of students per computer

The development of TIC indicators in the realm of education raises the need to quantity some dimension of this reality, beginning with a fundamental aspect of its functioning: that of structure.  In this way, a common and generally accepted indicator to measure the extent of computer use in schools came to light – that is, the student-computer ratio.  Among other things, comparisons between countries can be made using this ratio and one can see the extent of the gap that separates Latin America from developed nations.

With respect to the use of the computer and the ratio of students per computer, an initial observation is the existence of a general consensus as to the importance of using the TIC as learning tools.  Upon weighing the present situation in Iberoamerica, however, some marked differences may be observed.  Compared to countries promoting a policy of a 1:1 student-computer ratio (Portugal, Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina, and Spain, among others) some countries have a very high student-computer ration.  Cuba reports a ratio greater than 30:1, one of the highest rates in Iberoamerica.  (Miradas sobre la educación en Iberoamérica, 2011, page 177)

A first difficulty lies in the different purposes for which computers are used in schools. In general, most Latin American countries have opted to add the total number of existing computers in schools, whether they are used for administrative, educational or both. El Salvador specifically mentioned that decision, while limiting its response to the number of computers in the schools, without reference to the number of students. As an exception to that rule, we may cite the case of Spain, which calculates considering just the computers used for teaching and learning tasks.

On the other hand, in connection with the use most of Latin American countries are making of ICTs, it shows that in many cases it is primarily aimed at achieving technological literacy of students. Despite the diversity of situations in the region, a positive fact is that no country supports never using use computers within the educational environment, but in many cases use is limited to  computer rooms, as happens in Cuba.

The MIRADAS report acknowledges that there are currently no standardized assessment systems that allow us to have concrete data about impact ICTs have on learning. The absence of these data is of concern, while more than 700 research efforts in the U.S. on the subject confirm the positive effect of ICTs in the learning of students with access to computers, either when they receive their instruction through them, or use learning technology systems in collaborative groups or networks (Schacter, J., 1999)

Strong evidence exists that learning with TIC is less effective when learning objectives are not well defined and the purpose for utilizing technology is controversial.  Insofar as primary education is concerned, experts recommend that we think about education first and technology later.  (Schacter, J. pg. 10).

Today, indicators need to be developed that can measure the effect or impact of educational objectives, an aspect that goes hand in hand with the development of other additional disciplines, such as cognitive psychology to assess learning processes mediated by ICT. This constant reformulation is part of the digital paradigm which, linked to the learning process, is continually generating new returns in terms of applications, content, competences, action plans, and, naturally, solutions.

Delirant isti japani!

Están locos estos japoneses!  --Obelix en Japón
Pagar 2700 Euro/kg de atún rojo (especie en extinción) en el mercado de pescado Tsukiji!
Si por lo menos se espera un 50 % de ganancia, significa que 100 g de pescado preparado o crudo le cuesta al japonés hambriento unos 405 € (500 US$) sin contar el arroz y las algas no radioactivas.
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